Using Improv in the Classroom: Counting to 20

Your language-teaching mission, should you choose to accept it, is to use an improv counting game to reinforce numbers, build community, and practice improv skills.

Photo: Black Ice/pexels.com

Numbers are one of the first things that students are introduced to in language classes: they are concrete (no translation errors!) and useful (textbook pages, sharing ages, telling time).

I use this game with beginner students to reinforce numbers, but also with advanced learners to help build community and connection. This is also a game that I do minutes before every improv show with my troupe; we don’t go on stage until we make it to 21 (our chosen end number)!

The way it works is simple, but it is deceptively hard! A group gets in a circle (with my friends we huddle together like a football team, but that is likely too much touching for classmates) and closes their eyes. (The bigger the group, the harder this exercise is). Without consulting each other, and in no set order, the group must count consecutively. A first brave soul will say “one”. Another will say “two”. If two people say the same number at the same time, they need to start again at one. (If you’re afraid a group might default to a circle, you can make a rule that the next person who speaks can’t be to either side of the person who just said a number.)

The reason I do this before shows is that it forces a sense of togetherness and awareness of others. You start to really pay attention to the people around you and get into sync with them. You start listening hard to their breathing, to any minute movements you can sense. This is a game with winners and losers, but you all win or lose together, so you feel incredibly invested in getting this right. The feeling you get when you finally hear that final number is indescribable! If you want to build feelings of team togetherness, this would be a great way to start a class! This is also a great game for introducing improv as a concept, as you can talk about the importance of listening to others, working as a team, and building on what others contribute.

Adaptations:

• You can choose any number as your end number (though go too high and it gets waaaaaaay to difficult).

• You can also choose to go up by 2s, 3s, 5s, 10s to practice bigger numbers

• You can count down from twenty back to one

NOTE: Although this is only tangentially related, I wanted to share my absolute favorite counting video for French. The director of the video found 100 French people of ages 0 through 100 and had them say their age’s number (young kids got some help).

Have you played this game or a variation of it? Share in the comments!

What is it? Improv Grammar Game

Your language teaching mission, should you choose to accept it, is to use the “What is it?” improv game to improve vocabulary and/or target grammatical structures.

 This is a similar game to another improv grammar game: “What are you doing?” but it involves props and less physicality from students.

Source: FreePik

Materials needed: a variety of regular items (or irregular if you have them) that are different in shape and size. I can usually find everything I need in my classroom for a quick round (such as a stapler, a scarf, a pencil, and a hat), but if you play this multiple times you might need to start bringing in some truly unusual stuff to keep the students on their toes!

This game was mentioned as an example of the “awareness raising phase” in Even’s (2004) Drama Grammar method, but it’s also a well-known warm-up game. The way it is played is that the class sits in a circle and an object is passed around while students ask each other “what is it?” and are given an answer by another student. The only wrong answers are to correctly identify the object or repeat what someone else has said. So, for example, if a scarf is being passed around, student B will ask student A “what is that?” and student A will say “this is my pet snake” and pass the scarf to student B. Then student C will ask student B “what is that?” and student B will respond “a magical flying carpet” and pass it to student C, etc. After students get comfortable with the game, you can introduce a more physical element by having them interact with the object (i.e. make the scarf wiggle and hiss for “a snake” or ride on it for “a magic flying carpet”). Change out the object once it’s gone around the circle or all options have been exhausted.

This activity can be used as a fun way to start off the class and/or have students dig deep for vocabulary. It can also be used for targeted grammar instruction. For example, how to differentiate between this/that, how to ask questions, or how to use the conditional when being polite (i.e., polite ways to retrieve the object from the previous person with phrases like “could you please pass that to me…?” or  “would you be so kind as to give me that…?”)

Adaptations:

• When the student identifies the object, have the rest of the class repeat it back in chorus (i.e. Student A: “This is a snake”, the whole class: “That is a snake”).

• Have multiple items going around at once so everyone stays engaged! Or break into smaller groups, each with their own object which they then pass on to the next group when they’ve done one or two rounds.

• Allow students to use a dictionary or translator. Since they may be using unfamiliar vocabulary, the teacher or another student can write the new words on the board… and then use that new vocabulary as prompts for an improv free scene!

• For more advanced learners, add layers of complexity to the answers, such as adjectives. Thus, it’s not just a snake, it’s “my pet snake” or “a small snake” or “a sneaky snake”.

• For students that may be unsure, start with a whole-class brainstorm using a sample object. Students will see that they can transform the object into anything they want and there are no wrong answers. Alternatively, show students the object you will use and then give students a few minutes thinking and discussion time to decide what they will present it as (have them come up with at least one alternative in case someone takes their answer!)

How do you use this game in your classroom? Feel free to share in the comments!

Boogers!: Improv Grammar Game

Your language teaching mission, should you choose to accept it, is to get students asking grammatically correct questions while trying not to laugh by using the improv grammar game ‘boogers’.

 When I was a kid, we’d play a game at camp that we called “boogers”. The idea was that you’d ask a question (any question) and the person must reply with ‘boogers’ with an absolutely serious face. If you laughed or even smiled a tiny bit you ‘lost’ and it was the other person’s turn. As kids, it was difficult to keep a straight face, because boogers are hilarious! Some examples would be:

• What is your favorite food? BOOGERS.

• Who’s your best friend? BOOGERS.

• What do you want to be when you grow up? BOOGERS.

• How do you spell your name? BOOGERS

Now, I use this fun improv game in my classroom as a warm-up to practice grammatically correct questions, and also to have some fun! We play in small groups of about 4-6 people. The first person to start must not show any reaction on their face other than to say the word. (The word “boogers” may or may not be classroom appropriate, so depending on your situation, any word can be used. I choose ‘Un pingouin’ for my French classes, which I explain more about below). Students ask questions until Person A cracks (even the little uptick of a lip counts!) and then chooses the next person to be bombarded with questions. When the time is up (10 minutes usually suffices) the person who held out for the longest number of questions in a row wins.

Some variations/modifications:

• If you notice that students are preternaturally good at this game (i.e. they are able to hold out easily, even under rapid fire questions, or really funny questions) then you can add an element of humorous challenge: actions! Wiggle like a penguin, say it with a high-pitched voice, also wear a silly hat… anything to help amp up the silliness!

• For students who may need more guidance hand out sentence stems for forming questions and a bank of vocabulary

• For students who need encouragement for expanding their question repertoire you can distribute dice and tell students they need to roll the die before asking their question. So, for example, if they roll (1) they must ask a question starting with ‘who’ (ex. who is the principal? BOOGERS!), (2) what, (3) where, (4) when, (5) why, and (6) how.

• If you think one student might dominate the question asking, you can make a rule that everyone else must get a turn asking a question before a student can ask another

• To not center specific students for any period of time you can go around in a circle where the person being asked a question changes, and it’s a simple collection of points (break or not break) that determines the winner

I teach high school, where boogers have lost (some, not all) comedic value, so I use the French word for ‘penguin’ which is “un pingouin”. I have several reasons for this:

Source: https://www.lexpress.fr/culture/musique/video-carla-bruni-imite-le-pingouin-dans-son-nouveau-clip_1263513.html

• “Pingouin” is a very fun word for English speakers to say because it involves making sounds that we don’t normally hear in English

• Because this is a difficult word so say, it is a great opportunity to introduce students to forvo.com, an excellent site for listening to authentic pronunciations in hundreds of languages

• I can introduce this activity with a music video (see my blog post here for more ways I like to use music videos while teaching) using the adorable video of Carla Bruni’s song, “Le Pingouin”.

• Because high school students are more able to keep a flat face, in order to make them more likely to break into a smile or laughter I will sometimes make them also wiggle like the penguin-people in the music video while they answer “un pingouin”.

• To me, it is equally, if not more, funny, to answer questions like “how many siblings do you have?” with “a penguin” as it is “boogers!”

• I tend to play this game during my comedy unit, which has a goal of mastering inverted questions. I usually play it the day after our Theatre of the Absurd lesson, as this is a good practice for questioning techniques and is very much an example of an inadvertent absurdist dialogue! Un pingouin is more in line with the absurdist nature than ‘boogers’.

• During my comedy unit I open with each class with the word of the day, all of which are idioms. There are no idioms I know of that involve boogers, but there is one that is penguin based: Se sentir comme un pingouin dans le désert!  (Feel like an outsider / feel like a fish out of water). This also works because I tend to follow this activity with my inverted questions idiom worksheet (resource can be found here).

Have you played this game or any of its variations? Share how it went in the comments!

What are you doing? Improv Grammar Game

Your language teaching mission, should you choose to accept it, is to use the “What are you doing” improv game to reinforce present tense verb use. 

“What are you doing?” is a classic improv warm-up game. By that, it’s a game that’s designed to exercise your creativity, not be presented to an audience for laughs (though those usually occur!). More importantly, for our purposes, it’s a great exercise to practice the present tense of verbs!

 The way that the game works is that Person A starts miming an action, let’s say fishing. Person B walks up and asks, in the target language, “What are you doing?”. Person A responds by saying what they are doing using the present tense, but it can’t be the thing they are miming. So maybe Person A says “I’m playing hockey”. Then Person B begins miming playing hockey. Person C walks up, asking “What are you doing?”. Person B responds with anything but playing hockey, so maybe they say “I’m watching TV”. And so the game continues.

Stock image sites are great for brain-storming ideas for possible actions or for printing out pictures to help scaffold students into playing the game.

There are a few ways that this can be played. One is having a small group circle, and the person to the left always asks what the person to the right is doing. A more challenging variation is doing this in pairs, which keeps students on their toes, as they don’t have any time to preplan their answers. More advanced students might be able to do this game without any scaffolding, but novices might need a brainstorm of verbs, or even just conjugations, before playing.

This a great game for introducing students to improv, as typically there’s no audience and they only need to produce one sentence at a time. If you’re worried about students freezing up, the first time you play you can pass out slips of paper with either the sentence students should say or a picture of the action they should describe, so that they can get used to the format of the game (miming the action but saying something different). Then, in the second round, they need to generate their own verbs.

 You can also encourage students to go beyond the subject+verb structure, asking for further information. For example, maybe it’s subject+verb+adverb (or however your TL structures it) so that the student has to mime playing hockey excitedly, fishing unenthusiastically, or watching TV sadly. This can make for more challenging grammar, but also more fun for the students doing the miming! You can also encourage students to stick to themes, such as unit vocabulary or types of verbs (for example, only irregular verbs or reflexive verbs).

The beauty of the game is that there is an infinite number of responses (as many as there are verbs and qualifiers): the only wrong ones are if you describe what you’re currently doing or you assign an inappropriate action to your partner! Students can get really creative with both their answers (walking on the moon, feeding an elephant, eating a cake as big as me) and their mimes (I’m smiling just thinking about someone miming trying to eat a cake that’s the size of themselves!)

RESOURCE: Video describing how to play the game

RESOURCE: Video that goes into variations of the game and tips/tricks

RESOURCE: Florea (2011) breaks down this game into six easy-to-follow steps (presentation / practice / production / preparation / modeling / play) to add more scaffolding into playing this game, which you can read on pages 50-51 of her article.

Have you played this game before? Feel free to share any variations, lessons learned, or thoughts in the comments!

Warm-Up: Find 5 Things

Your language-teaching mission, should you choose to accept it, is to start class with a fun, visual warm-up game that enhances students’ vocabulary knowledge.

The “5 things” game is one that was modeled for me at a professional development session, and I used it the very next day in my classroom! My students like it, it’s easy to explain, there are literally infinite variations on it, and it somehow manages to be both competitive AND team building!

STEP ONE: Students are put into pairs (or threes if needed). They do not need to be sitting close to their ‘partner’, in fact, it’s better if they are not!

STEP TWO: The teacher puts up an image. Literally any image, as long as there are at least five things (hence the name) that can be identified.

STEP THREE: Ultimately, the goal of the game is to gain points by having the same five words as your partner to describe the picture (one point per answer, maximum five points per round). Once the image is revealed, I’ll give students a few minutes to write down their answers silently and secretly. So, for example, if I show this picture, a student might write down:

Image still from: The Princess and the Frog (Disney)

1. Princess

2. Frog

3. Night

4. Kiss

5. Tiara

This can be made harder or easier, more focused on grammar or less. For example, the first image I used was pretty simplistic. I’m not saying you should use Where’s Waldo, but an image of a Haitian market, for example, might make the game more difficult! If the parameters I give are just to have the same words, I always have the rule that all nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs are all allowed EXCEPT for colors! Unless it’s a beginner-level class, having to rely on colors seems a bit like cheating to me. However, you can definitely make this more complex by putting stricter parameters around the image. For example, I may say that students need to find two nouns, two verbs, and one adjective.  Therefore, the imaginary student’s list might look like this:

1.     NOUN: a frog

2.     NOUN: a princess

3.     VERB: to kiss

4.     VERB: to blush

5.     ADJECTIVE: romantic

If you’re working on a particular grammatical construction, then you can put up an image and say “find five of the same verbs in the imperfect form”. Or if there is an image that involves a lot of unit vocabulary you can say “find five of the same words (doesn’t matter what part of speech), but spelling counts!”

STEP FOUR: Partners tally up the points (the silent and secret part is now over). Using the above first example, if Student A wrote princess, night, frog, kiss, tiara and Student B wrote princess, frog, kiss, gloves, dress then they would have 3 out of 5 possible points because they chose three of the same words. It’s then the honor system for students to share out how many points they have. Sometimes I’ll do multiple images and we’ll have a ‘winner’ for that day’s total. Other times, I’ll do an image a day for a week and we’ll have the ‘winner’ for that week’s total.

STEP FIVE: Share out some the answers! It’s a great way to build vocabulary for the rest of the class, and some of the answers can be really fun or surprising. My favorite question to ask is “what is a word that your partner had that you didn’t?” because those are usually the more unique words and students are more likely to share their partner’s answer in order to showcase their partner’s brilliance than they are their own (though that’s high school students, elementary students might be more open to sharing their own thoughts!)

STEP SIX: Continue using it as an intermittent warm-up for class and change it up however you see fit. I like using themed images (example, fairy tales for my fairy tale unit) but as long as the image is appropriate, why not use it! Like I mentioned above, I’ll put different parameters around the words they need to find and sometimes I give the ultimate difficult instruction: find five words that your partner DOES NOT have! Students only get points if their words are totally unique… so they really need to dig deep into their vocabulary knowledge stores. The other thing you can then do is use the same picture, now that they have a bunch of vocabulary at the ready, for a quickwrite.

 Some examples of dynamic pictures to use as prompts:

Have you ever played this game or a variation on it? Are there any constrictions or images you prefer using? Share in the comments!